2020 英语一 Text 1｜“文化之城镇”：称号不是万灵药，但值得一试
主旨
工党议员提议设立”英国文化之城镇”奖，与现有”文化之城”并列：赫尔借此吸引 2.2 亿英镑投资，城镇也该受益，只是缺资源与大城市竞标 → 有人视之为无缘”欧洲文化之都”后的安慰奖，愤世者担心英国脱欧后陷入无休止的自我庆祝 → 称号并非万灵药：办不好就像潮水来去；真正成功的能改变居民抱负、重塑城市形象（格拉斯哥为证）→ 文化之城镇可以彰显城镇特色、振兴商业街；文化大臣应欢迎并落实。
原文：2020 Text 1 · 话题：文化 / 社会 · 答案：21 C｜22 B｜23 B｜24 B｜25 C
一、核心词
| 词 | 本文义 | 原文搭配 | 拆解 / 记忆 |
|---|---|---|---|
| institute v. | 设立 | a call to institute a UK “town of culture” award | in- + stitute 站立 → 使立起来；同根 constitute, institution |
| proposal n. | 提议 | The proposal is that it should sit alongside the existing city of culture title | propose 提议 → proposal |
| avalanche n. | 雪崩 → 大量涌来 | an avalanche of arts | |
| confine v. | 限制 | ought not to be confined to cities | con- + fin 边界 → 圈在边界内；同根 finite |
| bid n. | 申办，竞标 | put together a bid to beat their bigger competitors | |
| annual adj. | 年度的 | become an annual event | ann 年；同根 anniversary |
| funding n. | 资金 | attracting funding and creating jobs | fund 基金 → funding |
| prestigious adj. | 有声望的 | the much more prestigious title of European capital of culture | prestige 声望 → prestigious |
| sought-after adj. | 抢手的 | a sought-after award | seek 的过去分词 sought + after 追求 |
| cynic n. | 愤世嫉俗者 | A cynic might speculate that | 形容词 cynical |
| speculate v. | 推测 | A cynic might speculate that | spec 看 → 看着猜；同根 spectator |
| verge n. | 边缘 | on the verge of disappearing | |
| desperation n. | 迫切，不顾一切 | in its desperation to reinvent itself | de- 去 + sper 希望 → 没了希望才不顾一切 |
| reinvent v. | 重塑 | reinvent itself for the post-Brexit world | re- 再 + invent 发明 |
| suburb n. | 郊区 | Suburb of culture? | sub- 近旁 + urb 城市；同根 urban |
| hamlet n. | 小村庄 | Hamlet of culture? | 小于 village 的村落 |
| cure-all n. | 万灵药 | such titles are not a cure-all | cure 治愈 + all 一切 |
| tide n. | 潮水 | washes in and washes out of a place like the tide | |
| prominence n. | 显赫，名声 | bringing prominence for a spell | pro- 向前 + min 突出 → 突出 |
| high-profile adj. | 高调的，备受瞩目的 | bring in high-profile arts events | profile 轮廓 → 高姿态 |
| aspiration n. | 抱负，志向 | They transform the aspirations of the people who live there | a- + spir 呼吸 → 心向往之；同根 inspire |
| nudge v. | 轻推 | they nudge the self-image of the city into a bolder and more optimistic light | |
| optimistic adj. | 乐观的 | a bolder and more optimistic light | 反义 pessimistic |
| remarkable adj. | 非凡的 | requires a remarkable degree of vision | remark 评论 + -able → 值得一提的 |
| powerhouse n. | 重镇，动力源 | the powerhouse of art, music and theatre | power 力量 + house → 发电站 |
| peculiarity n. | 特色，特点 | honouring a town’s peculiarities | peculiar 独特的 → peculiarity |
| facility n. | 设施 | supporting local facilities | |
| hope-filled adj. | 充满希望的 | this positive, hope-filled proposal | hope + filled |
二、搭配与写作迁移
| 原文表达 | 含义 | 写作迁移 |
|---|---|---|
| bring in the new year | 迎接新年 | bring in the new year with a resolution to read more |
| a call to do sth | 呼吁做某事 | a call to protect endangered languages；= call for sth |
| sit alongside sth | 与……并存 | Traditional culture can sit alongside modern life. |
| bring in investment | 带来投资 | bring in foreign investment / talent |
| an avalanche of | 大量的 | an avalanche of information / criticism |
| be confined to | 局限于 | Learning should not be confined to the classroom. |
| be prevented from doing | 被阻止做 | prevent sb from doing sth |
| lack the resources to do | 缺乏资源去做 | Rural schools often lack the resources to hire good teachers. |
| put together a bid | 准备一份申办方案 | put together a plan / team |
| attract funding and create jobs | 吸引资金、创造就业 | attract investment and create jobs（经济类作文高频） |
| see A as B | 把 A 看作 B | see challenges as opportunities |
| apply for | 申请 | apply for a scholarship / position |
| be on the verge of | 濒临 | on the verge of extinction / collapse |
| in one’s desperation to do | 急于做……（不顾一切） | in their desperation to succeed |
| who knows what will follow | 谁知道接下来还有什么 | 阅读表达，带讽刺语气 |
| It is wise to recall that | 应当记住 | It is wise to recall that money is not a cure-all. |
| not a cure-all | 并非万灵药 | Technology is not a cure-all for social problems. |
| for a spell | 一段时间 | 阅读表达；作文用 for a while |
| leave no lasting benefits to | 没留下持久益处 | bring lasting benefits to society |
| do a great deal more than | 远不止做…… | Education does a great deal more than impart knowledge. |
| good press | 正面报道 | get good press ↔ bad press |
| get sth right | 把……做好 | It is hard to get the balance right. |
| a remarkable degree of | 极高程度的 | require a remarkable degree of patience |
| cooperation between A and B | A 与 B 的合作 | cooperation between schools and families |
| turn A into B | 把 A 变为 B | turn the city into a hub of innovation |
| not just about A but about B | 不仅关乎 A，还关乎 B | Education is not just about exams but about character. |
| above all | 最重要的是 | Above all, we should respect nature. |
| turn it into action | 付诸行动 | turn words into action；= put ideas into practice |
| the private sector | 私营部门 | the public / private sector |
三、熟词僻义
- crown n. 荣誉称号（≠王冠）：the success of the crown for Hull
- title n. 称号（≠标题）：the existing city of culture title
- bag v. 赢得（≠袋子）：a sought-after award bagged by Glasgow in 1990
- fever n. 狂热（≠发烧）：an endless fever of self-celebration
- spell n. 一段时间（≠拼写 / 咒语）：bringing prominence for a spell
- press n. 媒体报道（≠按压）：good press for a year
- light n. 角度，眼光（≠光）：into a bolder and more optimistic light
- vision n. 远见（≠视力）：requires a remarkable degree of vision
- high street n. （英）商业主街：helping sustain its high street
- secretary n. 大臣（≠秘书）：the culture secretary
四、题目与选项词
| 词 / 搭配 | 义 | 出处 | 拆解 / 记忆 |
|---|---|---|---|
| consolidate v. | 巩固 | Q21 [A] | con- + solid 坚固 |
| compromise n. | 妥协 | Q22 [A] | com- 共同 + promise 承诺 → 互相让步 |
| self-deceiving adj. | 自欺的 | Q22 [B] | deceive 欺骗 |
| eye-catching adj. | 引人注目的 | Q22 [C] | |
| bonus n. | 额外奖励 | Q22 [C] | |
| inaccessible adj. | 无法达到的 | Q22 [D] | in- 不 + access 接近 + -ible |
| endeavour v. | 努力 | Q23 [A] | |
| commit to | 致力于 | Q23 [D] | |
| contrasting adj. | 对比的 | Q24 [A] | contra 相反 |
| skeptical adj. | 怀疑的 | Q25 [A] | |
| objective adj. | 客观的 | Q25 [B] | 反义 subjective 主观的 |
| favourable adj. | 赞成的 | Q25 [C] | favour 支持 + -able |
五、同义替换：原文 → 正确项
| 题 | 原文 | 正确项 |
|---|---|---|
| 21 C | become an annual event, attracting funding and creating jobs | increase the economic strength of Britain’s towns |
| 22 B | Some might see the proposal as a booby prize / in its desperation to reinvent itself for the post-Brexit world | a self-deceiving attempt |
| 23 B | They transform the aspirations of the people who live there | meets the aspiration of its people |
| 24 B | But it can be done | a supporting example |
| 25 C | should welcome this positive, hope-filled proposal, and turn it into action | Favourable |
六、长难句
① 宾语从句 + 非限制性定语从句（Q21 背景）
Cooper and her colleagues argue that the success of the crown for Hull, where it brought in £220m of investment and an avalanche of arts, ought not to be confined to cities.
- 主干：Cooper and her colleagues argue that …
- that 从句主干：the success of the crown for Hull ought not to be confined to cities
- where it brought in …：非限制性定语从句，修饰 Hull，插在从句主谓之间
- 译：库珀和同事们认为，“文化之城”称号在赫尔取得的成功——为该市带来 2.2 亿英镑投资和大量艺术活动——不应只局限于城市。
② 宾语从句 + in one’s desperation to do（Q22 出处）
A cynic might speculate that the UK is on the verge of disappearing into an endless fever of self-celebration in its desperation to reinvent itself for the post-Brexit world
- 主干：A cynic might speculate that …
- be on the verge of doing：濒临……
- in its desperation to reinvent itself：原因状语，“急于重塑自我”
- 译：愤世嫉俗的人可能会猜测，英国急于为脱欧后的世界重塑自我，正濒临陷入无休止的自我庆祝狂热之中。
③ 两层 that 定语从句（Q24 出处）
Glasgow’s year as European capital of culture can certainly be seen as one of a complex series of factors that have turned the city into the powerhouse of art, music and theatre that it remains today.
- 主干：Glasgow’s year … can be seen as one of a complex series of factors
- that have turned the city into …：定语从句修饰 factors
- that it remains today：定语从句修饰 powerhouse，that 在从句中作 remains 的表语
- 译：格拉斯哥作为”欧洲文化之都”的那一年，无疑可以视为一系列复杂因素之一，正是这些因素让这座城市变成了今天依然如此的艺术、音乐和戏剧重镇。
七、句型
- A, it is true, …, but …（让步插入） 原句：Britain’s towns, it is true, are not prevented from applying, but they generally lack the resources to put together a bid to beat their bigger competitors. 套用：Rural students, it is true, are not prevented from applying to top universities, but they generally lack the resources to compete.
- It is wise to recall that A is not a cure-all.（冷静提醒） 原句：It is also wise to recall that such titles are not a cure-all. 套用：It is wise to recall that technology is not a cure-all.
- The really successful A are those that do a great deal more than B.（定义”真正成功”） 原句：The really successful holders of such titles are those that do a great deal more than fill hotel bedrooms and bring in high-profile arts events and good press for a year. 套用：The really successful schools are those that do a great deal more than prepare students for exams.
- It is hard to get right, and requires …（难但可行） 原句：It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision 套用：Balancing work and life is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of self-discipline.
- A could be not just about B but about C.（拓宽意义） 原句：A “town of culture” could be not just about the arts but about honouring a town’s peculiarities 套用：A good education could be not just about grades but about character.
- … should welcome this proposal, and turn it into action.（号召收尾） 原句：Jeremy Wright, the culture secretary, should welcome this positive, hope-filled proposal, and turn it into action. 套用：The authorities should welcome this proposal and turn it into action.