2011 英语一 Text 2｜高管”裸辞”：不再是丢脸的事
主旨
麦吉离任美国银行总裁时坦言：离开是为了”去实现经营一家公司的目标”，两周后就被另一家公司任命为 CEO → 不先找好下家让他有时间思考，也向外界明确传达了抱负；他并非孤例，雅芳、美国运通的二号人物也以找 CEO 职位为由辞职 → 董事会迫于股东压力审视继任计划，没被选中的高管可能另谋出路；动荡的环境也让高管不愿用含糊说辞损害声誉 → 经济复苏，副手们更愿意”无网跳跃”，机会将大量出现 → 这种做法并不常规：以往最抢手的 CEO 人选都是”挖”来的在任者；裸辞者也未必很快登顶 → 但猎头说旧有的耻辱感正在消退：“待着更安全”的老规矩已被颠倒，受伤最重的是待得太久的人。
原文：2011 Text 2 · 话题：职场 / 管理 · 答案：26 B｜27 D｜28 C｜29 A｜30 C
一、核心词
| 词 | 本文义 | 原文搭配 | 拆解 / 记忆 |
|---|---|---|---|
| depart v. | 离职 | When Liam McGee departed as president of Bank of America | de- 离开 + part 分开 |
| cloak v. | 掩饰 | cloaking his exit in the usual vague excuses | 原义”斗篷” → 罩住 |
| exit n. | 离开 | cloaking his exit in the usual vague excuses | ex- 出 + it 走 |
| vague adj. | 含糊的 | cloaking his exit in the usual vague excuses | |
| excuse n. | 借口 | cloaking his exit in the usual vague excuses | |
| pursue v. | 追求 | to pursue my goal of running a company | |
| ambition n. | 抱负 | Broadcasting his ambition | |
| chairman n. | 董事长 | named him CEO and chairman | |
| aspiration n. | 抱负，志向 | a clear message to the outside world about his aspirations | a- + spir 呼吸 |
| scrutinize v. | 仔细审查 | boards scrutinize succession plans | |
| succession n. | 继任 | boards scrutinize succession plans | succeed 继任 |
| turbulent adj. | 动荡的 | A turbulent business environment | turb 搅动；同根 disturb |
| pronouncement n. | 声明 | letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations | pronounce 宣布 |
| recovery n. | 复苏 | As the first signs of recovery begin to take hold | recover |
| deputy n. | 副手 | deputy chiefs may be more willing to make the jump without a net | |
| turnover n. | 人员更替率 | CEO turnover was down 23% | turn over 翻转 |
| abound v. | 大量存在 | opportunities will abound for aspiring leaders | |
| aspiring adj. | 有抱负的 | opportunities will abound for aspiring leaders | aspire 渴望 |
| unconventional adj. | 非常规的 | is unconventional | un- + conventional |
| headhunter n. | 猎头 | executives and headhunters have adhered to the rule | head + hunter |
| adhere v. | 遵守，坚持 | executives and headhunters have adhered to the rule | ad- + her 粘 |
| candidate n. | 候选人 | the most attractive CEO candidates are the ones who must be poached | |
| instruct v. | 指示 | a board has not instructed me to look at sitting CEOs first | in- + struct 建 |
| commodity n. | 商品 | a tiny Internet-based commodities exchange | |
| recruiter n. | 招聘人员 | Many recruiters say the old disgrace is fading for top performers | recruit 招募 |
| disgrace n. | 耻辱 | Many recruiters say the old disgrace is fading for top performers | dis- + grace |
| invert v. | 颠倒 | that’s been fundamentally inverted | in- + vert 转 |
二、搭配与写作迁移
| 原文表达 | 含义 | 写作迁移 |
|---|---|---|
| cloak A in B | 用 B 掩饰 A | cloak the truth in fine words |
| come right out and say | 直言不讳地说 | |
| pursue one’s goal of doing | 追求……的目标 | pursue one’s goal of becoming a doctor |
| line up | 事先安排好 | line up a new job |
| give sb time to reflect on | 给某人时间思考 | |
| send a clear message to | 向……传递明确信息 | The punishment sends a clear message to everyone. |
| in recent weeks | 最近几周 | |
| in response to | 作为对……的回应 | in response to public pressure |
| get the nod | 获得认可 / 选中 | |
| move on | 另谋出路，继续前进 | It’s time to move on. |
| make the jump without a net | 冒险跳槽（没有安全网） | |
| take hold | 确立，开始生效 | New habits take time to take hold. |
| stick with | 继续留用，坚持 | |
| pick up | 好转 | as the economy picks up |
| adhere to the rule | 遵守规则 | adhere to principles |
| land in top positions | 登上高位 | |
| be between jobs | 处于两份工作之间（待业） | |
| be fundamentally inverted | 被彻底颠倒 | |
| stay too long | 待得太久 |
三、熟词僻义
- straight up adj. 坦率的（≠直立的）：his explanation was surprisingly straight up
- broadcast v. 公开宣扬（≠广播）：Broadcasting his ambition
- post n. 职位（≠邮件）：looking for a CEO post
- nod n. 首肯，选中（get the nod，≠点头）：executives who don’t get the nod
- cloud v. 给……蒙上阴影（≠云）：letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations
- net n. 安全网（≠网）：make the jump without a net
- poach v. 挖走（人才）（≠偷猎 / 水煮）：the ones who must be poached
- sitting adj. 在任的（≠坐着的）：look at sitting CEOs first
- exchange n. 交易所（≠交换）：a tiny Internet-based commodities exchange
四、题目与选项词
| 词 / 搭配 | 义 | 出处 | 拆解 / 记忆 |
|---|---|---|---|
| arrogant adj. | 傲慢的 | Q26 [A] | |
| frank adj. | 坦率的 | Q26 [B] | |
| self-centered adj. | 以自我为中心的 | Q26 [C] | |
| impulsive adj. | 冲动的 | Q26 [D] | im- + puls 推 |
| spur v. | 激励，促使 | Q27 题干 | 原义”马刺” |
| strained adj. | 紧张的 | Q27 [C] | strain 拉紧 |
| approve of | 赞成 | Q28 [A] | |
| attend to | 处理，照料 | Q28 [B] | |
| hunt for | 搜寻 | Q28 [C] | |
| guard against | 防范 | Q28 [D] | |
| cling to | 紧抓不放 | Q29 [A] | |
| loyalty n. | 忠诚 | Q29 [B] |
五、同义替换：原文 → 正确项
| 题 | 原文 | 正确项 |
|---|---|---|
| 26 B | his explanation was surprisingly straight up / he came right out and said | frank |
| 27 D | to pursue my goal of running a company / quit with the explanation that they were looking for a CEO post | their pursuit of new career goals |
| 28 C | the most attractive CEO candidates are the ones who must be poached / look at sitting CEOs first | hunted for |
| 29 A | The traditional rule was it’s safer to stay where you are | top performers used to cling to their posts |
| 30 C | make the jump without a net / is unconventional | Top Managers Jump without a Net |
六、长难句
① rather than 对比 + 两个并列谓语（Q26 出处）
Rather than cloaking his exit in the usual vague excuses, he came right out and said he was leaving “to pursue my goal of running a company.”
- 主干：he came right out and said (that) he was leaving …
- Rather than cloaking …：对比状语，“而不是……”
- cloak A in B：用 B 掩饰 A
- 译：他没有用惯常的含糊借口来掩饰自己的离职，而是直截了当地说，他离开是”为了实现经营一家公司的目标”。
② as 时间 / 原因从句 + who 定语从句（Q27 背景）
As boards scrutinize succession plans in response to shareholder pressure, executives who don’t get the nod also may wish to move on.
- 主干：executives may wish to move on
- As …：时间兼原因状语从句
- who don’t get the nod：定语从句修饰 executives
- 译：随着董事会迫于股东压力而审视继任计划，那些没有被选中的高管也可能想另谋出路。
③ 同位语从句 + 定语从句（Q28 出处）
For years executives and headhunters have adhered to the rule that the most attractive CEO candidates are the ones who must be poached.
- 主干：executives and headhunters have adhered to the rule
- that the most attractive … are the ones …：同位语从句，解释 rule
- who must be poached：定语从句修饰 ones
- 译：多年来，高管和猎头都遵循这样一条规则：最有吸引力的 CEO 人选，是那些必须去”挖”才能挖来的人。
七、句型
- Doing A gave him time to reflect on … It also sent a clear message to …（一举两得） 原句：It also sent a clear message to the outside world about his aspirations. 套用：Taking a gap year gave her time to reflect on her future. It also sent a clear message about her independence.
- And A isn’t alone.（引出同类现象） 原句：And McGee isn’t alone. 套用：And she isn’t alone. Many young people feel the same.
- A turbulent environment also has sb cautious of doing …（have sb + adj. 使役） 原句：A turbulent business environment also has senior managers cautious of letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations. 套用：The fierce competition also has students cautious of wasting any time.
- As the economy picks up, opportunities will abound for …（展望机会） 原句：As the economy picks up, opportunities will abound for aspiring leaders. 套用：As technology advances, opportunities will abound for young people with new skills.
- The decision to do A is unconventional.（点出不寻常） 原句：The decision to quit a senior position to look for a better one is unconventional. 套用：The decision to leave a stable job for a start-up is unconventional.
- The traditional rule was …, but that’s been fundamentally inverted.（观念颠覆） 原句：The traditional rule was it’s safer to stay where you are, but that’s been fundamentally inverted 套用：The traditional rule was that a degree guarantees a job, but that’s been fundamentally inverted.
- The people who’ve been hurt the worst are those who’ve …（强调代价） 原句：The people who’ve been hurt the worst are those who’ve stayed too long. 套用：The people who’ve been hurt the worst are those who’ve refused to change.