2007 考研英语 Text 2｜智商分数说明不了”聪明”
主旨
专栏作家玛丽莲 10 岁时测出 228 的智商，史上最高；智商测试考的是语言和视觉类比、想象折剪后的纸、推算数列等 → 可她却回答”爱与喜欢有何区别”这类连顶尖诗人哲学家都没答好的问题，这让人困惑：看图找规律的能力怎么就能回答人生问题？→ 智力显然不只是一个分数 → 智商仍是衡量人类智力的主要标准，但如今按同龄人统计分布计分，已不可能出现她那样的超高分 → 心理学家斯滕伯格指出：传统测试擅长评估分析和语言能力，却测不出创造力和实践知识；人群或情境一变，智商的预测力就下降，高压下智商甚至与领导力负相关；应试技巧也会影响分数。
原文：2007 Text 2 · 话题：心理 / 教育测评 · 答案：26 D｜27 C｜28 A｜29 A｜30 B
一、核心词
| 词 | 本文义 | 原文搭配 | 拆解 / 记忆 |
|---|---|---|---|
| column n. | 专栏 | the Sunday newspaper supplement Parade has featured a column | 原义”柱子” |
| query v. / n. | 询问；问题 | People are invited to query Marilyn vos Savant | quer 寻求 |
| verbal adj. | 语言的 | complete verbal and visual analogies | verb 词 |
| visual adj. | 视觉的 | complete verbal and visual analogies | vis 看 |
| analogy n. | 类比 | complete verbal and visual analogies | |
| envision v. | 想象 | to envision paper after it has been folded and cut | en- + vision |
| deduce v. | 推断 | to deduce numerical sequences | de- + duc 引导 |
| numerical adj. | 数字的 | to deduce numerical sequences | number |
| sequence n. | 序列 | to deduce numerical sequences | sequ 跟随 |
| fondness n. | 喜爱 | What’s the difference between love and fondness? | fond 喜欢的 |
| coincidence n. | 巧合 | the nature of luck and coincidence | co- + incident 发生 |
| visualize v. | 在脑中形成图像 | the capacity to visualize objects | visual + -ize |
| elude v. | 使……困惑，难倒 | questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers | e- + lud 玩 → 溜走 |
| encompass v. | 包含 | intelligence encompasses more than a score on a test | en- + compass 圆规 → 圈起来 |
| specify v. | 明确说明 | How much of intelligence can be specified | specific |
| neurology n. | 神经学 | neurology, genetics, computer science | neuro 神经 + -logy |
| primarily adv. | 主要地 | The test comes primarily in two forms | prim 第一 |
| variation n. | 变体 | variations of them populate bookstores | vary |
| statistical adj. | 统计的 | a statistical population distribution among age peers | |
| chronological adj. | 按时间计的 | dividing the mental age by the chronological age | chron 时间 |
| multiply v. | 乘 | multiplying by 100 | multi 多 |
| component n. | 组成部分 | components also critical to problem solving and life success | com- + pon 放 |
| correlate v. | 相关 | IQ was negatively correlated with leadership | cor- + relate |
| toil v. | 辛苦地做 | Anyone who has toiled through SAT will testify | |
| testify v. | 证明 | Anyone who has toiled through SAT will testify | test 证据 + -ify |
二、搭配与写作迁移
| 原文表达 | 含义 | 写作迁移 |
|---|---|---|
| be invited to do | 被邀请做 | |
| test at a mental level of | 测出……的心智水平 | |
| complete analogies | 完成类比题 | |
| field queries from | 回答来自……的问题 | |
| the average Joe | 普通人 | |
| It’s not obvious how … | ……并不明显 / 说不清 | It’s not obvious how the new rule will help. |
| figure out | 弄明白，算出 | |
| suit sb to do | 使某人适合做 | |
| elude sb | 使某人困惑，难住某人 | The answer eluded me. |
| encompass more than | 不止包含 | Education encompasses more than exams. |
| Just what does it mean to be …? | 究竟怎样才算……？ | Just what does it mean to be successful? |
| be no longer possible | 不再可能 | |
| be based on | 基于 | |
| capture the main aspects of | 体现……的主要方面 | |
| succeed in school and in life | 在学业和生活中取得成功 | |
| fail to measure | 无法衡量 | |
| be critical to | 对……至关重要 | Creativity is critical to success. |
| be negatively correlated with | 与……负相关 | Screen time is negatively correlated with sleep quality. |
| toil through | 艰难地熬过 | |
| test-taking skill | 应试技巧 |
三、熟词僻义
- supplement n. 增刊（≠补充 v.）：the Sunday newspaper supplement Parade
- feature v. 刊登（≠特征 n.）：the Sunday newspaper supplement Parade has featured a column
- field v. 应对（提问）（≠田野）：when vos Savant fields such queries from the average Joe
- Joe n. 普通人（the average Joe，≠人名）：when vos Savant fields such queries from the average Joe
- scale n. 量表（≠规模 / 秤）：the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
- populate v. 大量出现于（≠居住于）：variations of them populate bookstores
- capture v. 体现，涵盖（≠捕获）：capture the main aspects of IQ tests
- testify v. 证实（≠出庭作证）：Anyone who has toiled through SAT will testify
四、题目与选项词
| 词 / 搭配 | 义 | 出处 | 拆解 / 记忆 |
|---|---|---|---|
| philosophical adj. | 哲学的 | Q26 [A] | |
| concept n. | 概念 | Q26 [C] | |
| graph n. | 图形 | Q26 [D] | |
| indicator n. | 指标 | Q27 [A] | indicate |
| format n. | 形式 | Q27 [C] | form |
| computational adj. | 计算的 | Q28 [A] | compute |
| procedure n. | 程序 | Q28 [A] | |
| reliable adj. | 可靠的 | Q29 [A] | |
| guesswork n. | 猜测 | Q29 [C] | guess + work |
| impartial adj. | 公正的 | Q30 [C] | im- 不 + partial 偏袒的 |
| biased adj. | 有偏见的 | Q30 [D] |
五、同义替换：原文 → 正确项
| 题 | 原文 | 正确项 |
|---|---|---|
| 26 D | IQ tests ask you to complete verbal and visual analogies | Choosing words or graphs similar to the given ones |
| 27 C | both come in adult and children’s version | The test contents and formats for adults and children may be different |
| 28 A | scoring is now based on a statistical population distribution among age peers, rather than simply dividing the mental age by the chronological age and multiplying by 100 | the scores are obtained through different computational procedures |
| 29 A | IQ tests do not necessarily predict so well once populations or situations change / test-taking skill also matters | test scores may not be reliable indicators of one’s ability |
| 30 B | intelligence encompasses more than a score on a test / may not assess all the important elements | Skeptical |
六、长难句
① how 主语从句（形式主语 it）+ suit sb to do + that 定语从句（Q26 背景）
It’s not obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numerical patterns suits one to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers.
- 主干：It’s not obvious how …（it 形式主语，how 从句是真正的主语）
- how 从句主干：the capacity … suits one to answer questions
- to visualize … and to figure out …：两个不定式修饰 capacity
- that have eluded …：定语从句修饰 questions
- 译：想象物体形状、找出数字规律的能力，怎么就能让人去回答那些连一些最杰出的诗人和哲学家都没能解答的问题，这并不清楚。
② because 原因 + rather than 对比 + 并列动名词（Q28 出处）
Superhigh scores like vos Savant’s are no longer possible, because scoring is now based on a statistical population distribution among age peers, rather than simply dividing the mental age by the chronological age and multiplying by 100.
- 主干：Superhigh scores are no longer possible
- because …：原因状语
- rather than simply dividing … and multiplying …：与 based on … 对比，两个动名词并列
- 译：像沃斯·莎凡特那样的超高分如今已不可能出现，因为现在的计分依据的是同龄人的统计分布，而不再只是用心理年龄除以实际年龄再乘以 100。
③ 宾语从句 + but 并列 + 同位语（Q29 背景）
In his article “How Intelligent Is Intelligence Testing?”, Sternberg notes that traditional tests best assess analytical and verbal skills but fail to measure creativity and practical knowledge, components also critical to problem solving and life success.
- 主干：Sternberg notes that traditional tests best assess … but fail to measure …
- components also critical to …：同位语，解释 creativity and practical knowledge
- 译：斯滕伯格在《智力测试有多”智能”？》一文中指出，传统测试最擅长评估分析能力和语言能力，却无法衡量创造力和实践知识，而这些同样是解决问题、获得人生成功的关键因素。
七、句型
- So it is a bit confusing when …（点出矛盾） 原句：So it is a bit confusing when vos Savant fields such queries from the average Joe 套用：So it is a bit confusing when a top scorer struggles with daily life.
- Clearly, A encompasses more than a score on a test.（直接表态） 原句：Clearly, intelligence encompasses more than a score on a test. 套用：Clearly, success encompasses more than a high salary.
- Just what does it mean to be …?（追问本质） 原句：Just what does it mean to be smart? 套用：Just what does it mean to be a good citizen?
- The defining term of A still seems to be B, even though …（现状 + 让步） 原句：The defining term of intelligence in humans still seems to be the IQ score, even though IQ tests are not given as often as they used to be. 套用：The defining measure of success still seems to be money, even though many people disagree.
- Moreover, A do not necessarily … once …（补充局限） 原句：Moreover, IQ tests do not necessarily predict so well once populations or situations change. 套用：Moreover, good grades do not necessarily lead to a good job once the economy changes.
- Anyone who has toiled through A will testify that …（诉诸共同经历） 原句：Anyone who has toiled through SAT will testify that test-taking skill also matters 套用：Anyone who has prepared for the postgraduate exam will testify that persistence matters.