2006 考研英语 Text 2｜斯特拉特福：同靠莎翁吃饭，却彼此看不顺眼
主旨
莎士比亚故乡斯特拉特福只有一个产业——莎士比亚，却分成两个日益敌对的阵营：演出莎剧的皇家莎士比亚剧团，和靠来看故居景点的游客为生的镇民 → 镇民怀疑剧院没给他们带来一分钱收入，还讨厌留长发、穿凉鞋、吵吵嚷嚷的演员，讽刺的是莎翁本人就是个留胡子、爱热闹的演员 → 剧团则认为，真正带来收入的是看戏的人，他们会在镇上过夜、在酒店餐馆花钱，而坐大巴的观光客天黑前就走了 → 镇民一贯哭穷，可每家酒店都在扩建；他们不明白上座率屡破纪录的剧团为何还要补贴，原因其实是成本飞涨而票价很低 → 大幅涨价很可惜，会赶走剧团最宝贵的年轻观众：他们只为看戏而来，愿意在剧院外睡一夜排队买票。
原文：2006 Text 2 · 话题：文化 / 旅游 · 答案：26 A｜27 B｜28 C｜29 D｜30 D
一、核心词
| 词 | 本文义 | 原文搭配 | 拆解 / 记忆 |
|---|---|---|---|
| distinctly adv. | 明显地 | two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches | distinct |
| hostile adj. | 敌对的 | two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches | host 敌人（古义） |
| superb adj. | 极好的 | presents superb productions of the plays | super 超 |
| townsfolk n. | 镇民 | the townsfolk who largely live off the tourists | town + folk 人们 |
| worthy adj. | 可敬的（此处反讽） | The worthy residents of Stratford | worth |
| revenue n. | 收入 | doubt that the theater adds a penny to their revenue | |
| frankly adv. | 坦率地 | They frankly dislike the RSC’s actors | frank |
| sandal n. | 凉鞋 | with their long hair and beards and sandals and noisiness | |
| ironic adj. | 讽刺的 | It’s all deliciously ironic | irony |
| sightseer n. | 观光客 | The sightseers who come by bus | sight + see + -er |
| playgoer n. | 看戏的人 | the playgoers do manage a little sight-seeing | play + goer |
| contend v. | 声称 | the RSC contends | |
| nightfall n. | 黄昏 | get out of town by nightfall | night + fall |
| council n. | 地方议会 | the local council does not contribute directly to the subsidy | |
| subsidy n. | 补贴 | the local council does not contribute directly to the subsidy | sub- + sid 坐 |
| lounge n. | 休息厅 | adding a new wing or cocktail lounge | |
| attendance n. | 上座率，出席人数 | has broken attendance records for three years in a row | attend |
| occupied adj. | 被占用的 | were 94 per cent occupied all year long | occupy |
| clientele n. | 顾客群 | Stratford’s most attractive clientele | client 顾客 |
| dedicated adj. | 专注的 | lean, pointed, dedicated faces | dedicate 奉献 |
| flagstone n. | 石板 | bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre | flag 石板 + stone |
二、搭配与写作迁移
| 原文表达 | 含义 | 写作迁移 |
|---|---|---|
| as we all know | 众所周知 | |
| live off | 靠……为生 | Some young people still live off their parents. |
| add a penny to | 给……增加一分钱 | |
| earn one’s living | 谋生 | |
| do one’s share of | 尽自己的一份 | do one’s share of housework |
| take in | 游览 | take in the sights of the city |
| on the side | 顺带，额外 | |
| bring in revenue | 带来收入 | Tourism brings in much of the town’s revenue. |
| pour cash into | 大把花钱于 | |
| don’t see it this way | 不这么看 | |
| contribute directly to | 直接出资给 | |
| cry poor | 哭穷 | |
| and so forth | 等等 | |
| break attendance records | 打破上座纪录 | |
| in a row | 连续 | three years in a row |
| It would be a shame to do | 做……会很可惜 | It would be a shame to waste such a chance. |
| drive away | 赶走 | High prices may drive away customers. |
| look alike | 看起来相像 | |
| bed down for the night | 就地过夜 |
三、熟词僻义
- industry n. 招牌产业（≠工业）：has only one industry
- production n. 演出（≠生产）：presents superb productions of the plays
- worthy adj. 可敬的（此处反讽，≠值得的）：The worthy residents of Stratford
- deliciously adv. 极有意思地（≠美味地）：It’s all deliciously ironic
- take in 游览（≠吸收 / 欺骗）：take in Warwick Castle and Blenheim Palace on the side
- manage v. 设法抽空做（≠管理）：the playgoers do manage a little sight-seeing
- cry v. 叫苦（cry poor，≠哭）：Stratford cries poor traditionally.
- wing n. 侧楼（≠翅膀）：adding a new wing or cocktail lounge
- rocket v. 飞涨（≠火箭）：costs have rocketed and ticket prices have stayed low
- shame n. 憾事（≠羞耻）：It would be a shame to raise prices too much
- lean adj. 瘦削的（≠倾斜 v.）：lean, pointed, dedicated faces
四、题目与选项词
| 词 / 搭配 | 义 | 出处 | 拆解 / 记忆 |
|---|---|---|---|
| deny v. | 否认 | Q26 [A] | |
| imitate v. | 模仿 | Q26 [B] | |
| be on good terms | 关系好 | Q26 [C] | |
| imply v. | 暗示 | Q28 题干 | |
| expansion n. | 扩建 | Q28 [A] | expand |
| be short of | 缺少 | Q28 [C] | |
| deserve v. | 应得 | Q29 题干 | |
| ill-managed adj. | 管理不善的 | Q29 [B] | |
| on the rise | 在上升 | Q29 [D] | |
| detached adj. | 超然的 | Q30 [C] | de- + tach 接触 → 不沾边 |
| sympathetic adj. | 同情的 | Q30 [D] | sym 共同 + path 感受 |
五、同义替换：原文 → 正确项
| 题 | 原文 | 正确项 |
|---|---|---|
| 26 A | doubt that the theater adds a penny to their revenue | the townsfolk deny the RSC’s contribution to the town’s revenue |
| 27 B | who bring in much of the town’s revenue because they spend the night | the playgoers spend more money than the sightseers |
| 28 C | Nevertheless every hotel in town seems to be adding a new wing or cocktail lounge | the town is not really short of money |
| 29 D | has broken attendance records for three years in a row | the theatre attendance is on the rise |
| 30 D | costs have rocketed and ticket prices have stayed low / It would be a shame to raise prices too much | is sympathetic to the RSC |
六、长难句
① when 从句 + 宾语从句中的非限制性定语从句（讽刺）
It’s all deliciously ironic when you consider that Shakespeare, who earns their living, was himself an actor (with a beard) and did his share of noise-making.
- 主干：It’s all deliciously ironic
- when you consider that …：时间 / 条件状语，内含宾语从句
- who earns their living：非限制性定语从句，“养活了他们的”莎士比亚
- 译：想想看，养活了这些镇民的莎士比亚本人就是个（留着胡子的）演员，也没少吵吵闹闹，这一切实在讽刺得有趣。
② 强调句 + 插入语 + because 从句 + 分词（Q27 出处）
It is the playgoers, the RSC contends, who bring in much of the town’s revenue because they spend the night (some of them four or five nights) pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants.
- 结构：It is … who … 强调句，强调 the playgoers
- the RSC contends：插入语
- because they spend the night … pouring cash into …：spend time doing，括号为补充说明
- 译：皇家莎士比亚剧团认为，正是看戏的人为小镇带来了大部分收入，因为他们会在镇上过夜（有些人住四五晚），在酒店和餐馆里大把花钱。
③ 破折号同位语 + 一连串分词 + 过去分词后置定语（结尾画面）
They all seem to look alike (though they come from all over) – lean, pointed, dedicated faces, wearing jeans and sandals, eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the 20 seats and 80 standing-room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them when the box office opens at 10:30 a.m.
- 主干：They all seem to look alike
- 破折号后：lean, pointed, dedicated faces 描述外貌；wearing … eating … bedding down … 三个分词短语描述状态
- to buy the … tickets：目的状语
- held for the sleepers and sold to them …：两个过去分词短语修饰 tickets
- 译：他们看起来都差不多（尽管来自各地）：面容清瘦、轮廓分明、神情专注，穿着牛仔裤和凉鞋，啃着面包，在剧院外的石板地上过夜，只为买到上午 10:30 售票处开门时专门留给通宵排队者的 20 张座票和 80 张站票。
七、句型
- A, as we all know, has only one industry – B – but there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches.（开篇制造矛盾） 原句：Stratford-on-Avon, as we all know, has only one industry – William Shakespeare – but there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches. 套用：The town, as we all know, depends on tourism, but there are two increasingly hostile groups.
- The worthy residents of A doubt that B adds a penny to their revenue.（反讽） 原句：The worthy residents of Stratford doubt that the theater adds a penny to their revenue. 套用：Some parents doubt that art classes add anything to their children’s future.
- The tourist streams are not entirely separate.（修正上文） 原句：The tourist streams are not entirely separate. 套用：The two groups are not entirely separate.
- A cries poor traditionally. Nevertheless …（揭穿假象） 原句：Stratford cries poor traditionally. Nevertheless every hotel in town seems to be adding a new wing or cocktail lounge. 套用：The company always cries poor. Nevertheless, its managers keep getting pay rises.
- The reason, of course, is that A have rocketed and B have stayed low.（点明原因） 原句：The reason, of course, is that costs have rocketed and ticket prices have stayed low. 套用：The reason, of course, is that rents have rocketed and wages have stayed low.
- It would be a shame to … because it would drive away …（虚拟式劝阻） 原句：It would be a shame to raise prices too much because it would drive away the young people who are Stratford’s most attractive clientele. 套用：It would be a shame to close the library because it would drive away young readers.